GoogleTests.cs

// Copyright (c) .NET Foundation. All rights reserved. See License.txt in the project root for license information.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Security.Claims;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.Encodings.Web;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.OAuth;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Tests;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.DataProtection;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.TestHost;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.WebUtilities;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using Xunit;

namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Google
{
    public class GoogleTests
    {
        private void ConfigureDefaults(GoogleOptions o)
        {
            o.ClientId = "whatever";
            o.ClientSecret = "whatever";
            o.SignInScheme = "auth1";
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task CanForwardDefault()
        {
            var services = new ServiceCollection().AddLogging();

            services.AddAuthentication(o =>
            {
                o.DefaultScheme = GoogleDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler>("auth1", "auth1");
            })
            .AddGoogle(o =>
            {
                ConfigureDefaults(o);
                o.ForwardDefault = "auth1";
            });

            var forwardDefault = new TestHandler();
            services.AddSingleton(forwardDefault);

            var sp = services.BuildServiceProvider();
            var context = new DefaultHttpContext();
            context.RequestServices = sp;

            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.AuthenticateCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.ForbidCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.ChallengeCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.SignInCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.SignOutCount);

            await context.AuthenticateAsync();
            Assert.Equal(1, forwardDefault.AuthenticateCount);

            await context.ForbidAsync();
            Assert.Equal(1, forwardDefault.ForbidCount);

            await context.ChallengeAsync();
            Assert.Equal(1, forwardDefault.ChallengeCount);

            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => context.SignOutAsync());
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => context.SignInAsync(new ClaimsPrincipal()));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ForwardSignInThrows()
        {
            var services = new ServiceCollection().AddLogging();

            services.AddAuthentication(o =>
            {
                o.DefaultScheme = GoogleDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler2>("auth1", "auth1");
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler>("specific", "specific");
            })
            .AddGoogle(o =>
            {
                ConfigureDefaults(o);
                o.ForwardDefault = "auth1";
                o.ForwardSignOut = "specific";
            });

            var specific = new TestHandler();
            services.AddSingleton(specific);
            var forwardDefault = new TestHandler2();
            services.AddSingleton(forwardDefault);

            var sp = services.BuildServiceProvider();
            var context = new DefaultHttpContext();
            context.RequestServices = sp;

            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => context.SignInAsync(new ClaimsPrincipal()));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ForwardSignOutThrows()
        {
            var services = new ServiceCollection().AddLogging();

            services.AddAuthentication(o =>
            {
                o.DefaultScheme = GoogleDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler2>("auth1", "auth1");
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler>("specific", "specific");
            })
            .AddGoogle(o =>
            {
                ConfigureDefaults(o);
                o.ForwardDefault = "auth1";
                o.ForwardSignOut = "specific";
            });

            var specific = new TestHandler();
            services.AddSingleton(specific);
            var forwardDefault = new TestHandler2();
            services.AddSingleton(forwardDefault);

            var sp = services.BuildServiceProvider();
            var context = new DefaultHttpContext();
            context.RequestServices = sp;

            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => context.SignOutAsync());
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ForwardForbidWinsOverDefault()
        {
            var services = new ServiceCollection().AddLogging();

            services.AddAuthentication(o =>
            {
                o.DefaultScheme = GoogleDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler2>("auth1", "auth1");
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler>("specific", "specific");
            })
            .AddGoogle(o =>
            {
                ConfigureDefaults(o);
                o.ForwardDefault = "auth1";
                o.ForwardForbid = "specific";
            });

            var specific = new TestHandler();
            services.AddSingleton(specific);
            var forwardDefault = new TestHandler2();
            services.AddSingleton(forwardDefault);

            var sp = services.BuildServiceProvider();
            var context = new DefaultHttpContext();
            context.RequestServices = sp;

            await context.ForbidAsync();
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.SignOutCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.AuthenticateCount);
            Assert.Equal(1, specific.ForbidCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.ChallengeCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.SignInCount);

            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.AuthenticateCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.ForbidCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.ChallengeCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.SignInCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.SignOutCount);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ForwardAuthenticateWinsOverDefault()
        {
            var services = new ServiceCollection().AddLogging();

            services.AddAuthentication(o =>
            {
                o.DefaultScheme = GoogleDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler2>("auth1", "auth1");
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler>("specific", "specific");
            })
            .AddGoogle(o =>
            {
                ConfigureDefaults(o);
                o.ForwardDefault = "auth1";
                o.ForwardAuthenticate = "specific";
            });

            var specific = new TestHandler();
            services.AddSingleton(specific);
            var forwardDefault = new TestHandler2();
            services.AddSingleton(forwardDefault);

            var sp = services.BuildServiceProvider();
            var context = new DefaultHttpContext();
            context.RequestServices = sp;

            await context.AuthenticateAsync();
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.SignOutCount);
            Assert.Equal(1, specific.AuthenticateCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.ForbidCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.ChallengeCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.SignInCount);

            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.AuthenticateCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.ForbidCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.ChallengeCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.SignInCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.SignOutCount);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ForwardChallengeWinsOverDefault()
        {
            var services = new ServiceCollection().AddLogging();
            services.AddAuthentication(o =>
            {
                o.DefaultScheme = GoogleDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler>("specific", "specific");
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler2>("auth1", "auth1");
            })
            .AddGoogle(o =>
            {
                ConfigureDefaults(o);
                o.ForwardDefault = "auth1";
                o.ForwardChallenge = "specific";
            });

            var specific = new TestHandler();
            services.AddSingleton(specific);
            var forwardDefault = new TestHandler2();
            services.AddSingleton(forwardDefault);

            var sp = services.BuildServiceProvider();
            var context = new DefaultHttpContext();
            context.RequestServices = sp;

            await context.ChallengeAsync();
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.SignOutCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.AuthenticateCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.ForbidCount);
            Assert.Equal(1, specific.ChallengeCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.SignInCount);

            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.AuthenticateCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.ForbidCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.ChallengeCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.SignInCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.SignOutCount);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ForwardSelectorWinsOverDefault()
        {
            var services = new ServiceCollection().AddLogging();
            services.AddAuthentication(o =>
            {
                o.DefaultScheme = GoogleDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler2>("auth1", "auth1");
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler3>("selector", "selector");
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler>("specific", "specific");
            })
            .AddGoogle(o =>
            {
                ConfigureDefaults(o);
                o.ForwardDefault = "auth1";
                o.ForwardDefaultSelector = _ => "selector";
            });

            var specific = new TestHandler();
            services.AddSingleton(specific);
            var forwardDefault = new TestHandler2();
            services.AddSingleton(forwardDefault);
            var selector = new TestHandler3();
            services.AddSingleton(selector);

            var sp = services.BuildServiceProvider();
            var context = new DefaultHttpContext();
            context.RequestServices = sp;

            await context.AuthenticateAsync();
            Assert.Equal(1, selector.AuthenticateCount);

            await context.ForbidAsync();
            Assert.Equal(1, selector.ForbidCount);

            await context.ChallengeAsync();
            Assert.Equal(1, selector.ChallengeCount);

            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => context.SignOutAsync());
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => context.SignInAsync(new ClaimsPrincipal()));

            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.AuthenticateCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.ForbidCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.ChallengeCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.SignInCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.SignOutCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.AuthenticateCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.ForbidCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.ChallengeCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.SignInCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.SignOutCount);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task NullForwardSelectorUsesDefault()
        {
            var services = new ServiceCollection().AddLogging();
            services.AddAuthentication(o =>
            {
                o.DefaultScheme = GoogleDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler2>("auth1", "auth1");
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler3>("selector", "selector");
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler>("specific", "specific");
            })
            .AddGoogle(o =>
            {
                ConfigureDefaults(o);
                o.ForwardDefault = "auth1";
                o.ForwardDefaultSelector = _ => null;
            });

            var specific = new TestHandler();
            services.AddSingleton(specific);
            var forwardDefault = new TestHandler2();
            services.AddSingleton(forwardDefault);
            var selector = new TestHandler3();
            services.AddSingleton(selector);

            var sp = services.BuildServiceProvider();
            var context = new DefaultHttpContext();
            context.RequestServices = sp;

            await context.AuthenticateAsync();
            Assert.Equal(1, forwardDefault.AuthenticateCount);

            await context.ForbidAsync();
            Assert.Equal(1, forwardDefault.ForbidCount);

            await context.ChallengeAsync();
            Assert.Equal(1, forwardDefault.ChallengeCount);

            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => context.SignOutAsync());
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => context.SignInAsync(new ClaimsPrincipal()));

            Assert.Equal(0, selector.AuthenticateCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, selector.ForbidCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, selector.ChallengeCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, selector.SignInCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, selector.SignOutCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.AuthenticateCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.ForbidCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.ChallengeCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.SignInCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, specific.SignOutCount);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task SpecificForwardWinsOverSelectorAndDefault()
        {
            var services = new ServiceCollection().AddLogging();
            services.AddAuthentication(o =>
            {
                o.DefaultScheme = GoogleDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler2>("auth1", "auth1");
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler3>("selector", "selector");
                o.AddScheme<TestHandler>("specific", "specific");
            })
            .AddGoogle(o =>
            {
                ConfigureDefaults(o);
                o.ForwardDefault = "auth1";
                o.ForwardDefaultSelector = _ => "selector";
                o.ForwardAuthenticate = "specific";
                o.ForwardChallenge = "specific";
                o.ForwardSignIn = "specific";
                o.ForwardSignOut = "specific";
                o.ForwardForbid = "specific";
            });

            var specific = new TestHandler();
            services.AddSingleton(specific);
            var forwardDefault = new TestHandler2();
            services.AddSingleton(forwardDefault);
            var selector = new TestHandler3();
            services.AddSingleton(selector);

            var sp = services.BuildServiceProvider();
            var context = new DefaultHttpContext();
            context.RequestServices = sp;

            await context.AuthenticateAsync();
            Assert.Equal(1, specific.AuthenticateCount);

            await context.ForbidAsync();
            Assert.Equal(1, specific.ForbidCount);

            await context.ChallengeAsync();
            Assert.Equal(1, specific.ChallengeCount);

            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => context.SignOutAsync());
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => context.SignInAsync(new ClaimsPrincipal()));

            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.AuthenticateCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.ForbidCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.ChallengeCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.SignInCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, forwardDefault.SignOutCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, selector.AuthenticateCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, selector.ForbidCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, selector.ChallengeCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, selector.SignInCount);
            Assert.Equal(0, selector.SignOutCount);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task VerifySignInSchemeCannotBeSetToSelf()
        {
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.SignInScheme = GoogleDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
            });
            var error = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => server.SendAsync("https://example.com/challenge"));
            Assert.Contains("cannot be set to itself", error.Message);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task VerifySchemeDefaults()
        {
            var services = new ServiceCollection();
            services.AddAuthentication().AddGoogle();
            var sp = services.BuildServiceProvider();
            var schemeProvider = sp.GetRequiredService<IAuthenticationSchemeProvider>();
            var scheme = await schemeProvider.GetSchemeAsync(GoogleDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
            Assert.NotNull(scheme);
            Assert.Equal("GoogleHandler", scheme.HandlerType.Name);
            Assert.Equal(GoogleDefaults.AuthenticationScheme, scheme.DisplayName);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ChallengeWillTriggerRedirection()
        {
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
            });
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/challenge");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            var location = transaction.Response.Headers.Location.ToString();
            Assert.Contains("https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/v2/auth?response_type=code", location);
            Assert.Contains("&client_id=", location);
            Assert.Contains("&redirect_uri=", location);
            Assert.Contains("&scope=", location);
            Assert.Contains("&state=", location);

            Assert.DoesNotContain("access_type=", location);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("prompt=", location);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("approval_prompt=", location);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("login_hint=", location);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("include_granted_scopes=", location);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task SignInThrows()
        {
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
            });
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/signIn");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task SignOutThrows()
        {
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
            });
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/signOut");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ForbidThrows()
        {
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
            });
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/signOut");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task Challenge401WillNotTriggerRedirection()
        {
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
            });
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/401");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ChallengeWillSetCorrelationCookie()
        {
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
            });
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/challenge");
            Assert.Contains(transaction.SetCookie, cookie => cookie.StartsWith(".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google."));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ChallengeWillSetDefaultScope()
        {
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
            });
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/challenge");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            var query = transaction.Response.Headers.Location.Query;
            Assert.Contains("&scope=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode("openid profile email"), query);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ChallengeWillUseAuthenticationPropertiesParametersAsQueryArguments()
        {
            var stateFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(new EphemeralDataProtectionProvider(NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateProtector("GoogleTest"));
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.StateDataFormat = stateFormat;
            },
            context =>
            {
                var req = context.Request;
                var res = context.Response;
                if (req.Path == new PathString("/challenge2"))
                {
                    return context.ChallengeAsync("Google", new GoogleChallengeProperties
                    {
                        Scope = new string[] { "openid", "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/plus.login" },
                        AccessType = "offline",
                        ApprovalPrompt = "force",
                        Prompt = "consent",
                        LoginHint = "test@example.com",
                        IncludeGrantedScopes = false,
                    });
                }

                return Task.FromResult<object>(null);
            });
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/challenge2");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);

            // verify query arguments
            var query = QueryHelpers.ParseQuery(transaction.Response.Headers.Location.Query);
            Assert.Equal("openid https://www.googleapis.com/auth/plus.login", query["scope"]);
            Assert.Equal("offline", query["access_type"]);
            Assert.Equal("force", query["approval_prompt"]);
            Assert.Equal("consent", query["prompt"]);
            Assert.Equal("false", query["include_granted_scopes"]);
            Assert.Equal("test@example.com", query["login_hint"]);

            // verify that the passed items were not serialized
            var stateProperties = stateFormat.Unprotect(query["state"]);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("scope", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("access_type", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("include_granted_scopes", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("approval_prompt", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("prompt", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("login_hint", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ChallengeWillUseAuthenticationPropertiesItemsAsParameters()
        {
            var stateFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(new EphemeralDataProtectionProvider(NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateProtector("GoogleTest"));
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.StateDataFormat = stateFormat;
            },
            context =>
            {
                var req = context.Request;
                var res = context.Response;
                if (req.Path == new PathString("/challenge2"))
                {
                    return context.ChallengeAsync("Google", new AuthenticationProperties(new Dictionary<string, string>()
                    {
                        { "scope", "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/plus.login" },
                        { "access_type", "offline" },
                        { "approval_prompt", "force" },
                        { "prompt", "consent" },
                        { "login_hint", "test@example.com" },
                        { "include_granted_scopes", "false" }
                    }));
                }

                return Task.FromResult<object>(null);
            });
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/challenge2");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);

            // verify query arguments
            var query = QueryHelpers.ParseQuery(transaction.Response.Headers.Location.Query);
            Assert.Equal("https://www.googleapis.com/auth/plus.login", query["scope"]);
            Assert.Equal("offline", query["access_type"]);
            Assert.Equal("force", query["approval_prompt"]);
            Assert.Equal("consent", query["prompt"]);
            Assert.Equal("false", query["include_granted_scopes"]);
            Assert.Equal("test@example.com", query["login_hint"]);

            // verify that the passed items were not serialized
            var stateProperties = stateFormat.Unprotect(query["state"]);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("scope", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("access_type", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("include_granted_scopes", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("approval_prompt", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("prompt", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("login_hint", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ChallengeWillUseAuthenticationPropertiesItemsAsQueryArgumentsButParametersWillOverwrite()
        {
            var stateFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(new EphemeralDataProtectionProvider(NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateProtector("GoogleTest"));
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.StateDataFormat = stateFormat;
            },
            context =>
            {
                var req = context.Request;
                var res = context.Response;
                if (req.Path == new PathString("/challenge2"))
                {
                    return context.ChallengeAsync("Google", new GoogleChallengeProperties(new Dictionary<string, string>
                    {
                        ["scope"] = "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/plus.login",
                        ["access_type"] = "offline",
                        ["include_granted_scopes"] = "false",
                        ["approval_prompt"] = "force",
                        ["prompt"] = "login",
                        ["login_hint"] = "this-will-be-overwritten@example.com",
                    })
                    {
                        Prompt = "consent",
                        LoginHint = "test@example.com",
                    });
                }

                return Task.FromResult<object>(null);
            });
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/challenge2");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);

            // verify query arguments
            var query = QueryHelpers.ParseQuery(transaction.Response.Headers.Location.Query);
            Assert.Equal("https://www.googleapis.com/auth/plus.login", query["scope"]);
            Assert.Equal("offline", query["access_type"]);
            Assert.Equal("force", query["approval_prompt"]);
            Assert.Equal("consent", query["prompt"]);
            Assert.Equal("false", query["include_granted_scopes"]);
            Assert.Equal("test@example.com", query["login_hint"]);

            // verify that the passed items were not serialized
            var stateProperties = stateFormat.Unprotect(query["state"]);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("scope", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("access_type", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("include_granted_scopes", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("approval_prompt", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("prompt", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
            Assert.DoesNotContain("login_hint", stateProperties.Items.Keys);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ChallengeWillTriggerApplyRedirectEvent()
        {
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.Events = new OAuthEvents
                {
                    OnRedirectToAuthorizationEndpoint = context =>
                    {
                        context.Response.Redirect(context.RedirectUri + "&custom=test");
                        return Task.FromResult(0);
                    }
                };
            });
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/challenge");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            var query = transaction.Response.Headers.Location.Query;
            Assert.Contains("custom=test", query);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task AuthenticateWithoutCookieWillFail()
        {
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
            },
            async context =>
            {
                var req = context.Request;
                var res = context.Response;
                if (req.Path == new PathString("/auth"))
                {
                    var result = await context.AuthenticateAsync("Google");
                    Assert.NotNull(result.Failure);
                }
            });
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/auth");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ReplyPathWithoutStateQueryStringWillBeRejected()
        {
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
            });
            var error = await Assert.ThrowsAnyAsync<Exception>(() => server.SendAsync("https://example.com/signin-google?code=TestCode"));
            Assert.Equal("The oauth state was missing or invalid.", error.GetBaseException().Message);
        }

        [Theory]
        [InlineData(true)]
        [InlineData(false)]
        public async Task ReplyPathWithErrorFails(bool redirect)
        {
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.StateDataFormat = new TestStateDataFormat();
                o.Events = redirect ? new OAuthEvents()
                {
                    OnRemoteFailure = ctx =>
                    {
                        ctx.Response.Redirect("/error?FailureMessage=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(ctx.Failure.Message));
                        ctx.HandleResponse();
                        return Task.FromResult(0);
                    }
                } : new OAuthEvents();
            });
            var sendTask = server.SendAsync("https://example.com/signin-google?error=OMG&error_description=SoBad&error_uri=foobar&state=protected_state",
                ".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.corrilationId=N");
            if (redirect)
            {
                var transaction = await sendTask;
                Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
                Assert.Equal("/error?FailureMessage=OMG" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(";Description=SoBad;Uri=foobar"), transaction.Response.Headers.GetValues("Location").First());
            }
            else
            {
                var error = await Assert.ThrowsAnyAsync<Exception>(() => sendTask);
                Assert.Equal("OMG;Description=SoBad;Uri=foobar", error.GetBaseException().Message);
            }
        }

        [Theory]
        [InlineData(null)]
        [InlineData("CustomIssuer")]
        public async Task ReplyPathWillAuthenticateValidAuthorizeCodeAndState(string claimsIssuer)
        {
            var stateFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(new EphemeralDataProtectionProvider(NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateProtector("GoogleTest"));
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.SaveTokens = true;
                o.StateDataFormat = stateFormat;
                if (claimsIssuer != null)
                {
                    o.ClaimsIssuer = claimsIssuer;
                }
                o.BackchannelHttpHandler = new TestHttpMessageHandler
                {
                    Sender = req =>
                    {
                        if (req.RequestUri.AbsoluteUri == "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v4/token")
                        {
                            return ReturnJsonResponse(new
                            {
                                access_token = "Test Access Token",
                                expires_in = 3600,
                                token_type = "Bearer"
                            });
                        }
                        else if (req.RequestUri.GetComponents(UriComponents.SchemeAndServer | UriComponents.Path, UriFormat.UriEscaped) == "https://www.googleapis.com/plus/v1/people/me")
                        {
                            return ReturnJsonResponse(new
                            {
                                id = "Test User ID",
                                displayName = "Test Name",
                                name = new
                                {
                                    familyName = "Test Family Name",
                                    givenName = "Test Given Name"
                                },
                                url = "Profile link",
                                emails = new[]
                                {
                                    new
                                    {
                                        value = "Test email",
                                        type = "account"
                                    }
                                }
                            });
                        }

                        throw new NotImplementedException(req.RequestUri.AbsoluteUri);
                    }
                };
            });

            var properties = new AuthenticationProperties();
            var correlationKey = ".xsrf";
            var correlationValue = "TestCorrelationId";
            properties.Items.Add(correlationKey, correlationValue);
            properties.RedirectUri = "/me";
            var state = stateFormat.Protect(properties);
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync(
                "https://example.com/signin-google?code=TestCode&state=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(state),
                $".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}=N");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Equal("/me", transaction.Response.Headers.GetValues("Location").First());
            Assert.Equal(2, transaction.SetCookie.Count);
            Assert.Contains($".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}", transaction.SetCookie[0]);
            Assert.Contains(".AspNetCore." + TestExtensions.CookieAuthenticationScheme, transaction.SetCookie[1]);

            var authCookie = transaction.AuthenticationCookieValue;
            transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/me", authCookie);
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            var expectedIssuer = claimsIssuer ?? GoogleDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
            Assert.Equal("Test Name", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.Name, expectedIssuer));
            Assert.Equal("Test User ID", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier, expectedIssuer));
            Assert.Equal("Test Given Name", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.GivenName, expectedIssuer));
            Assert.Equal("Test Family Name", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.Surname, expectedIssuer));
            Assert.Equal("Test email", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.Email, expectedIssuer));

            // Ensure claims transformation
            Assert.Equal("yup", transaction.FindClaimValue("xform"));

            transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/tokens", authCookie);
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Equal("Test Access Token", transaction.FindTokenValue("access_token"));
            Assert.Equal("Bearer", transaction.FindTokenValue("token_type"));
            Assert.NotNull(transaction.FindTokenValue("expires_at"));
        }

        // REVIEW: Fix this once we revisit error handling to not blow up
        [Theory]
        [InlineData(true)]
        [InlineData(false)]
        public async Task ReplyPathWillThrowIfCodeIsInvalid(bool redirect)
        {
            var stateFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(new EphemeralDataProtectionProvider(NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateProtector("GoogleTest"));
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.StateDataFormat = stateFormat;
                o.BackchannelHttpHandler = new TestHttpMessageHandler
                {
                    Sender = req =>
                    {
                        return ReturnJsonResponse(new { Error = "Error" },
                            HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
                    }
                };
                o.Events = redirect ? new OAuthEvents()
                {
                    OnRemoteFailure = ctx =>
                    {
                        ctx.Response.Redirect("/error?FailureMessage=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(ctx.Failure.Message));
                        ctx.HandleResponse();
                        return Task.FromResult(0);
                    }
                } : new OAuthEvents();
            });
            var properties = new AuthenticationProperties();
            var correlationKey = ".xsrf";
            var correlationValue = "TestCorrelationId";
            properties.Items.Add(correlationKey, correlationValue);
            properties.RedirectUri = "/me";

            var state = stateFormat.Protect(properties);
            var sendTask = server.SendAsync(
                "https://example.com/signin-google?code=TestCode&state=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(state),
                $".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}=N");
            if (redirect)
            {
                var transaction = await sendTask;
                Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
                Assert.Equal("/error?FailureMessage=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode("OAuth token endpoint failure: Status: BadRequest;Headers: ;Body: {\"Error\":\"Error\"};"),
                    transaction.Response.Headers.GetValues("Location").First());
            }
            else
            {
                var error = await Assert.ThrowsAnyAsync<Exception>(() => sendTask);
                Assert.Equal("OAuth token endpoint failure: Status: BadRequest;Headers: ;Body: {\"Error\":\"Error\"};", error.GetBaseException().Message);
            }
        }

        [Theory]
        [InlineData(true)]
        [InlineData(false)]
        public async Task ReplyPathWillRejectIfAccessTokenIsMissing(bool redirect)
        {
            var stateFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(new EphemeralDataProtectionProvider(NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateProtector("GoogleTest"));
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.StateDataFormat = stateFormat;
                o.BackchannelHttpHandler = new TestHttpMessageHandler
                {
                    Sender = req =>
                    {
                        return ReturnJsonResponse(new object());
                    }
                };
                o.Events = redirect ? new OAuthEvents()
                {
                    OnRemoteFailure = ctx =>
                    {
                        ctx.Response.Redirect("/error?FailureMessage=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(ctx.Failure.Message));
                        ctx.HandleResponse();
                        return Task.FromResult(0);
                    }
                } : new OAuthEvents();
            });
            var properties = new AuthenticationProperties();
            var correlationKey = ".xsrf";
            var correlationValue = "TestCorrelationId";
            properties.Items.Add(correlationKey, correlationValue);
            properties.RedirectUri = "/me";
            var state = stateFormat.Protect(properties);
            var sendTask = server.SendAsync(
                "https://example.com/signin-google?code=TestCode&state=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(state),
                $".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}=N");
            if (redirect)
            {
                var transaction = await sendTask;
                Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
                Assert.Equal("/error?FailureMessage=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode("Failed to retrieve access token."),
                    transaction.Response.Headers.GetValues("Location").First());
            }
            else
            {
                var error = await Assert.ThrowsAnyAsync<Exception>(() => sendTask);
                Assert.Equal("Failed to retrieve access token.", error.GetBaseException().Message);
            }
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task AuthenticatedEventCanGetRefreshToken()
        {
            var stateFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(new EphemeralDataProtectionProvider(NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateProtector("GoogleTest"));
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.StateDataFormat = stateFormat;
                o.BackchannelHttpHandler = new TestHttpMessageHandler
                {
                    Sender = req =>
                    {
                        if (req.RequestUri.AbsoluteUri == "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v4/token")
                        {
                            return ReturnJsonResponse(new
                            {
                                access_token = "Test Access Token",
                                expires_in = 3600,
                                token_type = "Bearer",
                                refresh_token = "Test Refresh Token"
                            });
                        }
                        else if (req.RequestUri.GetComponents(UriComponents.SchemeAndServer | UriComponents.Path, UriFormat.UriEscaped) == "https://www.googleapis.com/plus/v1/people/me")
                        {
                            return ReturnJsonResponse(new
                            {
                                id = "Test User ID",
                                displayName = "Test Name",
                                name = new
                                {
                                    familyName = "Test Family Name",
                                    givenName = "Test Given Name"
                                },
                                url = "Profile link",
                                emails = new[]
                                    {
                                        new
                                        {
                                            value = "Test email",
                                            type = "account"
                                        }
                                    }
                            });
                        }

                        throw new NotImplementedException(req.RequestUri.AbsoluteUri);
                    }
                };
                o.Events = new OAuthEvents
                {
                    OnCreatingTicket = context =>
                    {
                        var refreshToken = context.RefreshToken;
                        context.Principal.AddIdentity(new ClaimsIdentity(new Claim[] { new Claim("RefreshToken", refreshToken, ClaimValueTypes.String, "Google") }, "Google"));
                        return Task.FromResult(0);
                    }
                };
            });
            var properties = new AuthenticationProperties();
            var correlationKey = ".xsrf";
            var correlationValue = "TestCorrelationId";
            properties.Items.Add(correlationKey, correlationValue);
            properties.RedirectUri = "/me";
            var state = stateFormat.Protect(properties);
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync(
                "https://example.com/signin-google?code=TestCode&state=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(state),
                $".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}=N");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Equal("/me", transaction.Response.Headers.GetValues("Location").First());
            Assert.Equal(2, transaction.SetCookie.Count);
            Assert.Contains($".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}", transaction.SetCookie[0]);
            Assert.Contains(".AspNetCore." + TestExtensions.CookieAuthenticationScheme, transaction.SetCookie[1]);

            var authCookie = transaction.AuthenticationCookieValue;
            transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/me", authCookie);
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Equal("Test Refresh Token", transaction.FindClaimValue("RefreshToken"));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task NullRedirectUriWillRedirectToSlash()
        {
            var stateFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(new EphemeralDataProtectionProvider(NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateProtector("GoogleTest"));
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.StateDataFormat = stateFormat;
                o.BackchannelHttpHandler = new TestHttpMessageHandler
                {
                    Sender = req =>
                    {
                        if (req.RequestUri.AbsoluteUri == "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v4/token")
                        {
                            return ReturnJsonResponse(new
                            {
                                access_token = "Test Access Token",
                                expires_in = 3600,
                                token_type = "Bearer",
                                refresh_token = "Test Refresh Token"
                            });
                        }
                        else if (req.RequestUri.GetComponents(UriComponents.SchemeAndServer | UriComponents.Path, UriFormat.UriEscaped) == "https://www.googleapis.com/plus/v1/people/me")
                        {
                            return ReturnJsonResponse(new
                            {
                                id = "Test User ID",
                                displayName = "Test Name",
                                name = new
                                {
                                    familyName = "Test Family Name",
                                    givenName = "Test Given Name"
                                },
                                url = "Profile link",
                                emails = new[]
                                    {
                                        new
                                        {
                                            value = "Test email",
                                            type = "account"
                                        }
                                    }
                            });
                        }

                        throw new NotImplementedException(req.RequestUri.AbsoluteUri);
                    }
                };
                o.Events = new OAuthEvents
                {
                    OnTicketReceived = context =>
                    {
                        context.Properties.RedirectUri = null;
                        return Task.FromResult(0);
                    }
                };
            });
            var properties = new AuthenticationProperties();
            var correlationKey = ".xsrf";
            var correlationValue = "TestCorrelationId";
            properties.Items.Add(correlationKey, correlationValue);
            var state = stateFormat.Protect(properties);
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync(
                "https://example.com/signin-google?code=TestCode&state=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(state),
                $".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}=N");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Equal("/", transaction.Response.Headers.GetValues("Location").First());
            Assert.Equal(2, transaction.SetCookie.Count);
            Assert.Contains($".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}", transaction.SetCookie[0]);
            Assert.Contains(".AspNetCore." + TestExtensions.CookieAuthenticationScheme, transaction.SetCookie[1]);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ValidateAuthenticatedContext()
        {
            var stateFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(new EphemeralDataProtectionProvider(NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateProtector("GoogleTest"));
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.StateDataFormat = stateFormat;
                o.AccessType = "offline";
                o.Events = new OAuthEvents()
                {
                    OnCreatingTicket = context =>
                    {
                        Assert.NotNull(context.User);
                        Assert.Equal("Test Access Token", context.AccessToken);
                        Assert.Equal("Test Refresh Token", context.RefreshToken);
                        Assert.Equal(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(3600), context.ExpiresIn);
                        Assert.Equal("Test email", context.Identity.FindFirst(ClaimTypes.Email)?.Value);
                        Assert.Equal("Test User ID", context.Identity.FindFirst(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier)?.Value);
                        Assert.Equal("Test Name", context.Identity.FindFirst(ClaimTypes.Name)?.Value);
                        Assert.Equal("Test Family Name", context.Identity.FindFirst(ClaimTypes.Surname)?.Value);
                        Assert.Equal("Test Given Name", context.Identity.FindFirst(ClaimTypes.GivenName)?.Value);
                        return Task.FromResult(0);
                    }
                };
                o.BackchannelHttpHandler = new TestHttpMessageHandler
                {
                    Sender = req =>
                    {
                        if (req.RequestUri.AbsoluteUri == "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v4/token")
                        {
                            return ReturnJsonResponse(new
                            {
                                access_token = "Test Access Token",
                                expires_in = 3600,
                                token_type = "Bearer",
                                refresh_token = "Test Refresh Token"
                            });
                        }
                        else if (req.RequestUri.GetComponents(UriComponents.SchemeAndServer | UriComponents.Path, UriFormat.UriEscaped) == "https://www.googleapis.com/plus/v1/people/me")
                        {
                            return ReturnJsonResponse(new
                            {
                                id = "Test User ID",
                                displayName = "Test Name",
                                name = new
                                {
                                    familyName = "Test Family Name",
                                    givenName = "Test Given Name"
                                },
                                url = "Profile link",
                                emails = new[]
                                    {
                                        new
                                        {
                                            value = "Test email",
                                            type = "account"
                                        }
                                    }
                            });
                        }

                        throw new NotImplementedException(req.RequestUri.AbsoluteUri);
                    }
                };
            });

            var properties = new AuthenticationProperties();
            var correlationKey = ".xsrf";
            var correlationValue = "TestCorrelationId";
            properties.Items.Add(correlationKey, correlationValue);
            properties.RedirectUri = "/foo";
            var state = stateFormat.Protect(properties);

            //Post a message to the Google middleware
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync(
                "https://example.com/signin-google?code=TestCode&state=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(state),
                $".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}=N");

            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Equal("/foo", transaction.Response.Headers.GetValues("Location").First());
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task NoStateCausesException()
        {
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
            });

            //Post a message to the Google middleware
            var error = await Assert.ThrowsAnyAsync<Exception>(() => server.SendAsync("https://example.com/signin-google?code=TestCode"));
            Assert.Equal("The oauth state was missing or invalid.", error.GetBaseException().Message);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task CanRedirectOnError()
        {
            var stateFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(new EphemeralDataProtectionProvider(NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateProtector("GoogleTest"));
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.Events = new OAuthEvents()
                {
                    OnRemoteFailure = ctx =>
                    {
                        ctx.Response.Redirect("/error?FailureMessage=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(ctx.Failure.Message));
                        ctx.HandleResponse();
                        return Task.FromResult(0);
                    }
                };
            });

            //Post a message to the Google middleware
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync(
                "https://example.com/signin-google?code=TestCode");

            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Equal("/error?FailureMessage=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode("The oauth state was missing or invalid."),
                transaction.Response.Headers.GetValues("Location").First());
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task AuthenticateAutomaticWhenAlreadySignedInSucceeds()
        {
            var stateFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(new EphemeralDataProtectionProvider(NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateProtector("GoogleTest"));
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.StateDataFormat = stateFormat;
                o.SaveTokens = true;
                o.BackchannelHttpHandler = CreateBackchannel();
            });

            // Skip the challenge step, go directly to the callback path

            var properties = new AuthenticationProperties();
            var correlationKey = ".xsrf";
            var correlationValue = "TestCorrelationId";
            properties.Items.Add(correlationKey, correlationValue);
            properties.RedirectUri = "/me";
            var state = stateFormat.Protect(properties);
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync(
                "https://example.com/signin-google?code=TestCode&state=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(state),
                $".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}=N");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Equal("/me", transaction.Response.Headers.GetValues("Location").First());
            Assert.Equal(2, transaction.SetCookie.Count);
            Assert.Contains($".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}", transaction.SetCookie[0]); // Delete
            Assert.Contains(".AspNetCore." + TestExtensions.CookieAuthenticationScheme, transaction.SetCookie[1]);

            var authCookie = transaction.AuthenticationCookieValue;
            transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/authenticate", authCookie);
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Equal("Test Name", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.Name));
            Assert.Equal("Test User ID", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier));
            Assert.Equal("Test Given Name", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.GivenName));
            Assert.Equal("Test Family Name", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.Surname));
            Assert.Equal("Test email", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.Email));

            // Ensure claims transformation
            Assert.Equal("yup", transaction.FindClaimValue("xform"));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task AuthenticateGoogleWhenAlreadySignedInSucceeds()
        {
            var stateFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(new EphemeralDataProtectionProvider(NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateProtector("GoogleTest"));
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.StateDataFormat = stateFormat;
                o.SaveTokens = true;
                o.BackchannelHttpHandler = CreateBackchannel();
            });

            // Skip the challenge step, go directly to the callback path

            var properties = new AuthenticationProperties();
            var correlationKey = ".xsrf";
            var correlationValue = "TestCorrelationId";
            properties.Items.Add(correlationKey, correlationValue);
            properties.RedirectUri = "/me";
            var state = stateFormat.Protect(properties);
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync(
                "https://example.com/signin-google?code=TestCode&state=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(state),
                $".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}=N");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Equal("/me", transaction.Response.Headers.GetValues("Location").First());
            Assert.Equal(2, transaction.SetCookie.Count);
            Assert.Contains($".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}", transaction.SetCookie[0]); // Delete
            Assert.Contains(".AspNetCore." + TestExtensions.CookieAuthenticationScheme, transaction.SetCookie[1]);

            var authCookie = transaction.AuthenticationCookieValue;
            transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/authenticateGoogle", authCookie);
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Equal("Test Name", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.Name));
            Assert.Equal("Test User ID", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier));
            Assert.Equal("Test Given Name", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.GivenName));
            Assert.Equal("Test Family Name", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.Surname));
            Assert.Equal("Test email", transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.Email));

            // Ensure claims transformation
            Assert.Equal("yup", transaction.FindClaimValue("xform"));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task AuthenticateFacebookWhenAlreadySignedWithGoogleReturnsNull()
        {
            var stateFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(new EphemeralDataProtectionProvider(NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateProtector("GoogleTest"));
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.StateDataFormat = stateFormat;
                o.SaveTokens = true;
                o.BackchannelHttpHandler = CreateBackchannel();
            });

            // Skip the challenge step, go directly to the callback path

            var properties = new AuthenticationProperties();
            var correlationKey = ".xsrf";
            var correlationValue = "TestCorrelationId";
            properties.Items.Add(correlationKey, correlationValue);
            properties.RedirectUri = "/me";
            var state = stateFormat.Protect(properties);
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync(
                "https://example.com/signin-google?code=TestCode&state=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(state),
                $".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}=N");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Equal("/me", transaction.Response.Headers.GetValues("Location").First());
            Assert.Equal(2, transaction.SetCookie.Count);
            Assert.Contains($".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}", transaction.SetCookie[0]); // Delete
            Assert.Contains(".AspNetCore." + TestExtensions.CookieAuthenticationScheme, transaction.SetCookie[1]);

            var authCookie = transaction.AuthenticationCookieValue;
            transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/authenticateFacebook", authCookie);
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Null(transaction.FindClaimValue(ClaimTypes.Name));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ChallengeFacebookWhenAlreadySignedWithGoogleSucceeds()
        {
            var stateFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(new EphemeralDataProtectionProvider(NullLoggerFactory.Instance).CreateProtector("GoogleTest"));
            var server = CreateServer(o =>
            {
                o.ClientId = "Test Id";
                o.ClientSecret = "Test Secret";
                o.StateDataFormat = stateFormat;
                o.SaveTokens = true;
                o.BackchannelHttpHandler = CreateBackchannel();
            });

            // Skip the challenge step, go directly to the callback path

            var properties = new AuthenticationProperties();
            var correlationKey = ".xsrf";
            var correlationValue = "TestCorrelationId";
            properties.Items.Add(correlationKey, correlationValue);
            properties.RedirectUri = "/me";
            var state = stateFormat.Protect(properties);
            var transaction = await server.SendAsync(
                "https://example.com/signin-google?code=TestCode&state=" + UrlEncoder.Default.Encode(state),
                $".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}=N");
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Equal("/me", transaction.Response.Headers.GetValues("Location").First());
            Assert.Equal(2, transaction.SetCookie.Count);
            Assert.Contains($".AspNetCore.Correlation.Google.{correlationValue}", transaction.SetCookie[0]); // Delete
            Assert.Contains(".AspNetCore." + TestExtensions.CookieAuthenticationScheme, transaction.SetCookie[1]);

            var authCookie = transaction.AuthenticationCookieValue;
            transaction = await server.SendAsync("https://example.com/challengeFacebook", authCookie);
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Redirect, transaction.Response.StatusCode);
            Assert.StartsWith("https://www.facebook.com/", transaction.Response.Headers.Location.OriginalString);
        }

        private HttpMessageHandler CreateBackchannel()
        {
            return new TestHttpMessageHandler()
            {
                Sender = req =>
                {
                    if (req.RequestUri.AbsoluteUri == "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v4/token")
                    {
                        return ReturnJsonResponse(new
                        {
                            access_token = "Test Access Token",
                            expires_in = 3600,
                            token_type = "Bearer"
                        });
                    }
                    else if (req.RequestUri.GetComponents(UriComponents.SchemeAndServer | UriComponents.Path, UriFormat.UriEscaped) == "https://www.googleapis.com/plus/v1/people/me")
                    {
                        return ReturnJsonResponse(new
                        {
                            id = "Test User ID",
                            displayName = "Test Name",
                            name = new
                            {
                                familyName = "Test Family Name",
                                givenName = "Test Given Name"
                            },
                            url = "Profile link",
                            emails = new[]
                            {
                                new
                                {
                                    value = "Test email",
                                    type = "account"
                                }
                            }
                        });
                    }

                    throw new NotImplementedException(req.RequestUri.AbsoluteUri);
                }
            };
        }

        private static HttpResponseMessage ReturnJsonResponse(object content, HttpStatusCode code = HttpStatusCode.OK)
        {
            var res = new HttpResponseMessage(code);
            var text = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(content);
            res.Content = new StringContent(text, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
            return res;
        }

        private class ClaimsTransformer : IClaimsTransformation
        {
            public Task<ClaimsPrincipal> TransformAsync(ClaimsPrincipal p)
            {
                if (!p.Identities.Any(i => i.AuthenticationType == "xform"))
                {
                    var id = new ClaimsIdentity("xform");
                    id.AddClaim(new Claim("xform", "yup"));
                    p.AddIdentity(id);
                }
                return Task.FromResult(p);
            }
        }

        private static TestServer CreateServer(Action<GoogleOptions> configureOptions, Func<HttpContext, Task> testpath = null)
        {
            var builder = new WebHostBuilder()
                .Configure(app =>
                {
                    app.UseAuthentication();
                    app.Use(async (context, next) =>
                    {
                        var req = context.Request;
                        var res = context.Response;
                        if (req.Path == new PathString("/challenge"))
                        {
                            await context.ChallengeAsync();
                        }
                        else if (req.Path == new PathString("/challengeFacebook"))
                        {
                            await context.ChallengeAsync("Facebook");
                        }
                        else if (req.Path == new PathString("/tokens"))
                        {
                            var result = await context.AuthenticateAsync(TestExtensions.CookieAuthenticationScheme);
                            var tokens = result.Properties.GetTokens();
                            res.Describe(tokens);
                        }
                        else if (req.Path == new PathString("/me"))
                        {
                            res.Describe(context.User);
                        }
                        else if (req.Path == new PathString("/authenticate"))
                        {
                            var result = await context.AuthenticateAsync(TestExtensions.CookieAuthenticationScheme);
                            res.Describe(result.Principal);
                        }
                        else if (req.Path == new PathString("/authenticateGoogle"))
                        {
                            var result = await context.AuthenticateAsync("Google");
                            res.Describe(result?.Principal);
                        }
                        else if (req.Path == new PathString("/authenticateFacebook"))
                        {
                            var result = await context.AuthenticateAsync("Facebook");
                            res.Describe(result?.Principal);
                        }
                        else if (req.Path == new PathString("/unauthorized"))
                        {
                            // Simulate Authorization failure
                            var result = await context.AuthenticateAsync("Google");
                            await context.ChallengeAsync("Google");
                        }
                        else if (req.Path == new PathString("/unauthorizedAuto"))
                        {
                            var result = await context.AuthenticateAsync("Google");
                            await context.ChallengeAsync("Google");
                        }
                        else if (req.Path == new PathString("/401"))
                        {
                            res.StatusCode = 401;
                        }
                        else if (req.Path == new PathString("/signIn"))
                        {
                            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => context.SignInAsync("Google", new ClaimsPrincipal()));
                        }
                        else if (req.Path == new PathString("/signOut"))
                        {
                            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => context.SignOutAsync("Google"));
                        }
                        else if (req.Path == new PathString("/forbid"))
                        {
                            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => context.ForbidAsync("Google"));
                        }
                        else if (testpath != null)
                        {
                            await testpath(context);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            await next();
                        }
                    });
                })
                .ConfigureServices(services =>
                {
                    services.AddTransient<IClaimsTransformation, ClaimsTransformer>();
                    services.AddAuthentication(TestExtensions.CookieAuthenticationScheme)
                        .AddCookie(TestExtensions.CookieAuthenticationScheme, o => o.ForwardChallenge = GoogleDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
                        .AddGoogle(configureOptions)
                        .AddFacebook(o =>
                        {
                            o.ClientId = "Test ClientId";
                            o.ClientSecret = "Test AppSecrent";
                        });
                });
            return new TestServer(builder);
        }

        private class TestStateDataFormat : ISecureDataFormat<AuthenticationProperties>
        {
            private AuthenticationProperties Data { get; set; }

            public string Protect(AuthenticationProperties data)
            {
                return "protected_state";
            }

            public string Protect(AuthenticationProperties data, string purpose)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public AuthenticationProperties Unprotect(string protectedText)
            {
                Assert.Equal("protected_state", protectedText);
                var properties = new AuthenticationProperties(new Dictionary<string, string>()
                {
                    { ".xsrf", "corrilationId" },
                    { "testkey", "testvalue" }
                });
                properties.RedirectUri = "http://testhost/redirect";
                return properties;
            }

            public AuthenticationProperties Unprotect(string protectedText, string purpose)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }
        }
    }
}