diff --git a/api/controller.js b/api/controller.js
index 949731c..5a1c3c1 100644
--- a/api/controller.js
+++ b/api/controller.js
@@ -16,8 +16,17 @@ exports.calculate = function(req, res) {
     'subtract': function(a, b) { return a - b },
     'multiply': function(a, b) { return a * b },
     'divide':   function(a, b) { return a / b },
+    'power':    function(a, b) { return Math.pow(a, b) },
+    'sqrt':     function(a) { return Math.sqrt(a) },
+    'sin':      function(a) { return Math.sin(a) },
+    'cos':      function(a) { return Math.cos(a) },
+    'tan':      function(a) { return Math.tan(a) },
+    'log':      function(a) { return Math.log10(a) },
+    'ln':       function(a) { return Math.log(a) },
   };
 
+  var singleOperandOps = ['sqrt', 'sin', 'cos', 'tan', 'log', 'ln'];
+
   if (!req.query.operation) {
     throw new Error("Unspecified operation");
   }
@@ -29,16 +38,24 @@ exports.calculate = function(req, res) {
   }
 
   if (!req.query.operand1 ||
-      !req.query.operand1.match(/^(-)?[0-9\.]+(e(-)?[0-9]+)?$/) ||
+      !req.query.operand1.match(/^(-)?[0-9.]+(e(-)?[0-9]+)?$/) ||
       req.query.operand1.replace(/[-0-9e]/g, '').length > 1) {
     throw new Error("Invalid operand1: " + req.query.operand1);
   }
 
-  if (!req.query.operand2 ||
-      !req.query.operand2.match(/^(-)?[0-9\.]+(e(-)?[0-9]+)?$/) ||
-      req.query.operand2.replace(/[-0-9e]/g, '').length > 1) {
-    throw new Error("Invalid operand2: " + req.query.operand2);
+  // Only validate operand2 for operations that require two operands
+  if (!singleOperandOps.includes(req.query.operation)) {
+    if (!req.query.operand2 ||
+        !req.query.operand2.match(/^(-)?[0-9.]+(e(-)?[0-9]+)?$/) ||
+        req.query.operand2.replace(/[-0-9e]/g, '').length > 1) {
+      throw new Error("Invalid operand2: " + req.query.operand2);
+    }
   }
 
-  res.json({ result: operation(req.query.operand1, req.query.operand2) });
+  // Call operation with appropriate number of operands
+  var result = singleOperandOps.includes(req.query.operation)
+    ? operation(req.query.operand1)
+    : operation(req.query.operand1, req.query.operand2);
+
+  res.json({ result: result });
 };
diff --git a/public/client.js b/public/client.js
index 1d21fd9..a359c72 100644
--- a/public/client.js
+++ b/public/client.js
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ var operand1 = 0;
 var operand2 = 0;
 var operation = null;
 
+// Single operand operations that execute immediately
+var SINGLE_OPERAND_OPS = ['√', 'sin', 'cos', 'tan', 'log', 'ln'];
+
 function calculate(operand1, operand2, operation) {
     var uri = location.origin + "/arithmetic";
 
@@ -33,13 +36,38 @@ function calculate(operand1, operand2, operation) {
         case '/':
             uri += "?operation=divide";
             break;
+        case '^':
+            uri += "?operation=power";
+            break;
+        case '√':
+            uri += "?operation=sqrt";
+            break;
+        case 'sin':
+            uri += "?operation=sin";
+            break;
+        case 'cos':
+            uri += "?operation=cos";
+            break;
+        case 'tan':
+            uri += "?operation=tan";
+            break;
+        case 'log':
+            uri += "?operation=log";
+            break;
+        case 'ln':
+            uri += "?operation=ln";
+            break;
         default:
             setError();
             return;
     }
 
     uri += "&operand1=" + encodeURIComponent(operand1);
-    uri += "&operand2=" + encodeURIComponent(operand2);
+    
+    // Only add operand2 for binary operations
+    if (!SINGLE_OPERAND_OPS.includes(operation)) {
+        uri += "&operand2=" + encodeURIComponent(operand2);
+    }
 
     setLoading(true);
 
@@ -116,6 +144,15 @@ function operationPressed(op) {
     state = states.operator;
 }
 
+function scientificPressed(op) {
+    // Single operand operations execute immediately
+    if (SINGLE_OPERAND_OPS.includes(op)) {
+        operand1 = getValue();
+        calculate(operand1, null, op);
+        state = states.complete;
+    }
+}
+
 function equalPressed() {
     if (state < states.operand2) {
         state = states.complete;
diff --git a/public/default.css b/public/default.css
index bd14feb..6baf245 100644
--- a/public/default.css
+++ b/public/default.css
@@ -1,44 +1,44 @@
-/* CSS Custom Properties for Modern Theming */
+/* CSS Custom Properties for The Green Theme of the Shire */
 :root {
-    --primary-bg: #f0f2f5;
-    --calculator-bg: #ffffff;
-    --display-bg: #1e1e1e;
-    --display-text: #ffffff;
-    --button-bg: #f8f9fa;
-    --button-hover: #e9ecef;
-    --button-active: #dee2e6;
-    --button-operator: #007bff;
-    --button-operator-hover: #0056b3;
-    --button-operator-active: #004085;
+    --primary-bg: #d4f1d4;
+    --calculator-bg: #f0fff0;
+    --display-bg: #1a4d1a;
+    --display-text: #c8ffc8;
+    --button-bg: #e8f5e8;
+    --button-hover: #c8e6c8;
+    --button-active: #a8d6a8;
+    --button-operator: #2d8659;
+    --button-operator-hover: #257047;
+    --button-operator-active: #1d5a38;
     --button-equals: #28a745;
     --button-equals-hover: #1e7e34;
     --button-equals-active: #155724;
     --button-clear: #dc3545;
     --button-clear-hover: #c82333;
     --button-clear-active: #bd2130;
-    --text-primary: #212529;
-    --text-secondary: #6c757d;
-    --shadow-sm: 0 0.125rem 0.25rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
-    --shadow-md: 0 0.5rem 1rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
-    --shadow-lg: 0 1rem 3rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.175);
+    --text-primary: #1a4d1a;
+    --text-secondary: #4a7c4a;
+    --shadow-sm: 0 0.125rem 0.25rem rgba(0, 100, 0, 0.1);
+    --shadow-md: 0 0.5rem 1rem rgba(0, 100, 0, 0.2);
+    --shadow-lg: 0 1rem 3rem rgba(0, 100, 0, 0.25);
     --border-radius: 0.5rem;
     --border-radius-sm: 0.375rem;
     --transition-duration: 0.15s;
     --font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', 'Roboto', 'Oxygen', 'Ubuntu', 'Cantarell', sans-serif;
 }
 
-/* Dark mode support */
+/* Dark mode support - Green theme of Fangorn Forest */
 @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
     :root {
-        --primary-bg: #121212;
-        --calculator-bg: #1e1e1e;
-        --display-bg: #000000;
-        --display-text: #ffffff;
-        --button-bg: #2d2d2d;
-        --button-hover: #3d3d3d;
-        --button-active: #4d4d4d;
-        --text-primary: #ffffff;
-        --text-secondary: #adb5bd;
+        --primary-bg: #0a2f0a;
+        --calculator-bg: #1a3d1a;
+        --display-bg: #0d1f0d;
+        --display-text: #90ee90;
+        --button-bg: #2d4d2d;
+        --button-hover: #3d6d3d;
+        --button-active: #4d8d4d;
+        --text-primary: #90ee90;
+        --text-secondary: #6b9d6b;
     }
 }
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ BODY {
     width: 100vw;
     padding: 0;
     margin: 0;
-    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-bg) 0%, #e3e6ea 100%);
+    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-bg) 0%, #b8e6b8 100%);
     font-family: var(--font-family);
     display: flex;
     justify-content: center;
@@ -226,7 +226,21 @@ BODY {
     height: 200px;
 }
 
-/* Button type specific styling */
+/* Button type specific styling - Scientific buttons like the leaves of Lothlórien */
+.btn-scientific {
+    background: #4a9d5f;
+    color: white;
+    font-size: 1rem;
+}
+
+.btn-scientific:hover {
+    background: #3d8550;
+}
+
+.btn-scientific:active {
+    background: #2f6d40;
+}
+
 .btn[onclick*="operationPressed"] {
     background: var(--button-operator);
     color: white;
diff --git a/public/index.html b/public/index.html
index eaa7da7..e552658 100644
--- a/public/index.html
+++ b/public/index.html
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 <html lang="en">
   <head>
-    <title>Modern Calculator</title>
+    <title>Scientific Palantír of Rivendell</title>
     <link rel="stylesheet" href="default.css">
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0">
-    <meta name="description" content="A modern, accessible calculator application">
+    <meta name="description" content="A scientific calculator forged in the halls of Rivendell">
     <script src="client.js"></script>
   </head>
   <body onLoad="setValue(0)">
     <div class="container">
-      <main class="calculator" role="application" aria-label="Calculator">
+      <main class="calculator" role="application" aria-label="Scientific Calculator">
         <div id="results">
           <div id="result" role="textbox" aria-label="Calculator display" aria-live="polite" aria-readonly="true" tabindex="0"><span class="digit0">0</span></div>
         </div>
@@ -16,10 +16,20 @@
         <div id="loading" style="visibility:hidden" aria-hidden="true"></div>
 
         <div class="calculator-buttons" role="grid" aria-label="Calculator buttons">
-          <button class="btn span-2" aria-label="Empty button" disabled></button>
-          <button class="btn" onClick="clearPressed()" aria-label="Clear all">C</button>
-          <button class="btn" onClick="clearPressed()" aria-label="Clear entry">CE</button>
+          <!-- Scientific functions row -->
+          <button class="btn btn-scientific" onClick="scientificPressed('sin')" aria-label="Sine">sin</button>
+          <button class="btn btn-scientific" onClick="scientificPressed('cos')" aria-label="Cosine">cos</button>
+          <button class="btn btn-scientific" onClick="scientificPressed('tan')" aria-label="Tangent">tan</button>
+          <button class="btn btn-scientific" onClick="operationPressed('^')" aria-label="Power">x^y</button>
+
+          <!-- More scientific functions row -->
+          <button class="btn btn-scientific" onClick="scientificPressed('√')" aria-label="Square root">√</button>
+          <button class="btn btn-scientific" onClick="scientificPressed('log')" aria-label="Logarithm base 10">log</button>
+          <button class="btn btn-scientific" onClick="scientificPressed('ln')" aria-label="Natural logarithm">ln</button>
+          <button class="btn" onClick="clearEntryPressed()" aria-label="Clear entry">CE</button>
 
+          <!-- Clear and basic operations -->
+          <button class="btn" onClick="clearPressed()" aria-label="Clear all">C</button>
           <button class="btn" onClick="numberPressed(7)" aria-label="Seven">7</button>
           <button class="btn" onClick="numberPressed(8)" aria-label="Eight">8</button>
           <button class="btn" onClick="numberPressed(9)" aria-label="Nine">9</button>
diff --git a/test/arithmetic.test.js b/test/arithmetic.test.js
index deded48..961b226 100644
--- a/test/arithmetic.test.js
+++ b/test/arithmetic.test.js
@@ -205,4 +205,63 @@ describe('Arithmetic', function () {
                 });
         });
     });
+
+    describe('Scientific Operations - Power of the Istari', function () {
+        it('raises number to power', function (done) {
+            request.get('/arithmetic?operation=power&operand1=2&operand2=3')
+                .expect(200)
+                .end(function (err, res) {
+                    expect(res.body).to.eql({ result: 8 });
+                    done();
+                });
+        });
+        it('calculates square root', function (done) {
+            request.get('/arithmetic?operation=sqrt&operand1=9')
+                .expect(200)
+                .end(function (err, res) {
+                    expect(res.body).to.eql({ result: 3 });
+                    done();
+                });
+        });
+        it('calculates sine of zero', function (done) {
+            request.get('/arithmetic?operation=sin&operand1=0')
+                .expect(200)
+                .end(function (err, res) {
+                    expect(res.body).to.eql({ result: 0 });
+                    done();
+                });
+        });
+        it('calculates cosine of zero', function (done) {
+            request.get('/arithmetic?operation=cos&operand1=0')
+                .expect(200)
+                .end(function (err, res) {
+                    expect(res.body).to.eql({ result: 1 });
+                    done();
+                });
+        });
+        it('calculates tangent of zero', function (done) {
+            request.get('/arithmetic?operation=tan&operand1=0')
+                .expect(200)
+                .end(function (err, res) {
+                    expect(res.body).to.eql({ result: 0 });
+                    done();
+                });
+        });
+        it('calculates log10 of 100', function (done) {
+            request.get('/arithmetic?operation=log&operand1=100')
+                .expect(200)
+                .end(function (err, res) {
+                    expect(res.body).to.eql({ result: 2 });
+                    done();
+                });
+        });
+        it('calculates natural log of e', function (done) {
+            request.get('/arithmetic?operation=ln&operand1=2.718281828459045')
+                .expect(200)
+                .end(function (err, res) {
+                    expect(res.body.result).to.be.closeTo(1, 0.0001);
+                    done();
+                });
+        });
+    });
 });